0 player games

Zero-Player Games: An Overview A zero-player game is a type of game that requires no human interaction to function or progress. Instead, the game operates autonomously, driven by pre-programmed rules, algorithms, or artificial intelligence (AI). These games often simulate environments, ecosystems, or narratives that evolve without direct player input. Characteristics of Zero-Player Games No Human Input Required The game runs on its own, with no need for a player to make decisions or take actions. Procedural Generation Many zero-player games use algorithms to create dynamic, ever-changing worlds or outcomes. Simulation & Emergent Gameplay They often simulate complex systems (e.g., evolution, ecosystems, AI societies) where unexpected behaviors emerge. Observational Experience Players (or rather, observers) may watch the game unfold but do not influence it. Examples of Zero-Player Games Conways Game of Life (1970) - A cellular automaton where simple rules dictate the birth, survival, or death of cells over generations. - No player input is needed after setting the initial state. Creatures AI Ecosystem (1990s) - Early artificial life simulations where digital creatures evolve and interact autonomously. Universal Paperclips (2017) - While it starts as an incremental/idle game, it can eventually run autonomously, simulating an AI-driven paperclip production system. AI Dungeon (in Autonomous Mode) - An AI-driven text adventure that can generate stories without player input. Dwarf Fortress (in Observer Mode) - Players can let the simulation run without controlling dwarves, watching civilizations rise and fall. SimEarth / SimLife (1990s) - Early simulations where ecosystems evolve without direct player control. Sandbox Evolution Games (e.g., The Powder Toy, Noita) - Physics-based simulations where interactions happen without player input. Why Do Zero-Player Games Exist? Art & Experimentation Some are created as digital art or to explore AI behavior. Scientific Modeling Used to simulate real-world systems (e.g., evolution, economics). Meditative/ASMR Experience Some players enjoy watching autonomous systems unfold. Game Design Research Developers study emergent gameplay and procedural generation. Are They Really "Games"? The definition is debatedsome argue that without player agency, they are more like simulations or digital toys. However, they fit within the broader spectrum of interactive media. Would you like recommendations for specific types of zero-player games?